GFAP and Stroke: Young animals that were treated with 1 mg/kg PEG-IGF-I revealed a significant increase in reactive astrogliosis when dosed from all three time points, 3 hrs, 1-day and 5-days post-stroke (P < 0.001, P < 0.05, P < 0.05 respectively: Fig. 4D), with the greatest increases in GFAP expression observed following early doing of PEG-IGF-I (3 hrs), which could indicate promotion of an early closure of the glial scar surrounding the stroke.