TGFB1 and Hypertension: Losartan, an angiotensin II-type 1 receptor blocker and a known TGF-β neutralizer, is a very effective anti-hypertension medication.[23] Our results showed that treatment with losartan (0.6 g/L), which not only lowers the BP, but neutralizes TGF-β signaling, was able to mimic the role of miR-181a1/b1 during the entire time span of the experiment (11 weeks to 20 weeks), and reversed the vascular stiffness phenotype of miR-181a1/b1-/- mice.[23, 52, 53] (Fig 8) Interestingly, our result showed no difference in the Angiotensin II levels in the serum of the WT and the miR-181a1/b1-/- mice.