Hyperleptinemia, frequently observed in CKD patients, may play a key role in the pathogenesis of complications associated with CKD such as cachexia, protein energy wasting, chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, cardiovascular (CV) damages, and bone complications. Leptin may be also involved in the progression of renal disease through its pro-fibrotic and pro-hypertensive actions. Here, LEP is linked to Insulin resistance.