CD4 and infection: Clinical findings of VL range from asymptomatic cases with self-resolving infection and an anti-Leishmania integral immune response to severe cases characterized by intermittent fever, malaise, weight loss, cachexia, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, hypergammaglobulinemia, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, strong suppression of the CD4+ T-cell immune response, and death, if untreated (3).