CD4 and tuberculosis: On the basis of a Cochrane review of all available data (that included unpublished data from the present study) [20] as well as the randomized trial by Peter et al. demonstrating a mortality benefit associated with LAM [30], the WHO now conditionally recommends that urine-LAM testing be used for all HIV-positive patients with CD4 counts <100 cells/μL who require hospitalization and have signs and symptoms of TB, as well as for HIV-positive inpatients who are seriously ill, irrespective of their CD4 cell count.