TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: For example, expression in yeast of the human RNA binding protein TDP-43, which is associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontal temporal dementias, recapitulates the pathological phenotype of cytoplasmic aggregates and cellular toxicity, and lead to the identification of Ataxin-2 as a risk factor in human patients [16–19].