Independent from TNM stage, number of circulating tumour cells, lymphocytes expressing cytolyses granules, neutrophils, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFa) or downregulated T cell receptor Zeta chain was associated with the clinical outcome of cancer patients [13–19]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is cancer.