VEGFA and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Several monoclonal antibody (MAb) therapies have also been developed for first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC [4], including bevacizumab, which targets vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [6], cetuximab [7] and necitumumab [8], both of which target EGFR and, most recently, pembrolizumab, which targets the programmed death-1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint receptor on cytotoxic T-cells [9].