AOM/DSS administration increased the colonic mucosal mRNA expression of several key inflammatory cytokines in SAMP compared to AKR control mice, including TNFα, IFNγ, TGFβ, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-17Rb, IL-22 and IL-23. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is infectious otitis media.