Here, we evaluated the cytokine profile and the level and phenotype of Th17 cells in the PF of women with endometriosis, and observed that the PF of patients with endometriosis had high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-17A, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β and Th17 cells, and cytokines for Th17 differentiation (IL-6 and TGF-β). Here, TGFB1 is linked to endometriosis.