PTEN and colorectal carcinoma: As PIK3CA and PTEN mutations are commonly detected in CRC, and hyperactivation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, which leads by these genetic aberrations, is frequently observed in CRC, which leads to reduced apoptosis, increased proliferation, and induced EMT process, we stimulated the PI3K/AKT pathway by treating cells with IGF-1 for 24 h and then evaluated the expression of certain proteins that are involved in the PI3K/AKT pathway and EMT.