However, NF-κB also has ability to transcriptionally activate the expression of XIAP.19, 20 NF-κB activation is a key intracellular event in acute pancreatitis, and activation of NF-κB in acinar cells has been reported to increase the severity of pancreatitis in mice.21 Thus, XIAP possibly can be a critical mediator during acute pancreatitis due to its regulative role on caspases activities and NF-κB activity. The gene discussed is XIAP; the disease is pancreatitis.