PLA2G6 and pertussis: This higher potency of presynaptic PLA2 toxins may suggest that evolution is favoring functional diversification of toxins [439,440,441] targeting two or more portals. Other bacterial proteins such as pertussis and anthrax which deregulate portal 5, G-protein-coupled receptor systems, cause toxicity in the range of 0.1–1 μg /kg body weight, stressing the importance of this large group of receptors portals in maintenance of cellular functions.