Along with the evidence that α-Syn is secreted in the form of exosomes33, it is tempting to speculate that uncoupling of S1P1 receptor from Gi caused by extracellular α-Syn may inhibit exosomal release of α-Syn, which results in the accumulation of α-Syn inside the cells, a pathological hallmark of PD. The gene discussed is GNAI1; the disease is Parkinson disease.