However, the dramatic inhibitory effect of TNF-α on surfactant protein expression was also reported previously [21]; we found no significant association between the presence of TNF-α-308 A, IL-10-1082 G polymorphisms with wild type allele with need for mechanical ventilator and surfactant and mortality rate in preterm infants who suffered from RDS. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and newborn respiratory distress syndrome.