INS and diabetic autonomic neuropathy: Diabetes mellitus has been suggested to be the most common metabolic disorder associated with magnesium (Mg) deficiency, having 25% to 39% prevalence.[2] Numerous causes for low Mg levels in diabetics can be listed including diets low in Mg, osmotic diuresis that leads to high renal excretion of Mg, insensitivity to insulin that affects intracellular Mg transport and causes increased loss of extracellular Mg, usage of loop and thiazide diuretics that promote Mg wasting, diabetic autonomic neuropathies, and reduced tubular reabsorption due to insulin resistance.