TNF and systemic inflammatory response syndrome: LPS, as a powerful inflammation factor, can activate TLR4 receptor in monocyte macrophage, start downstream NFκB and MAPK related signal pathway, and enhance the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 gene, causing the abnormal increase of TNF-α, IL-6 and other inflammatory indicators in plasma, and systemic inflammatory response syndrome, even MODS30, 31, 32, 33.