Herein, a significantly decreased 5-year OS was demonstrated for patients with tumours displaying low expression of RBM3, which is well in line with previous findings in UBC [26], as well as breast cancer [17], epithelial ovarian cancer [18, 30], prostate cancer [19, 21], testicular cancer [25], oesophageal and gastric cancer [23] and melanoma [24]. This evidence concerns the gene RBM3 and melanoma.