Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between CXCL-16, BMP-2, and IL-17 plasma levels and overweight and obese conditions in middle-aged (35 to 55 years of age) and elderly (>60 years old) women to find possible targets to monitor early progression to obesity. Here, BMP2 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.