TLR5 and infection: It has been shown that the signaling through TLR5 after flagellin recognition in a murine model of chemical-induced colitis generates an increase in the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (32, 96) such as IL-8, which recruits neutrophils to the site of infection (113) and aggravates the clinical symptoms, producing severe histopathological damage in the colonic mucosa (32).