MALAT1 and central nervous system cancer: Moreover, Han et al. (2016b) found that the down-regulation of NEAT2 suppresses the expression of stemness markers Sox2 and Nestin, and further promotes cell proliferation by regulating the ERK/MAPK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling axis in the glioma stem cell line SHG139.