These changes can also be found over several generations.1, 13, 16, 17, 18, 20, 42 Especially the epigenetic findings with a decreased phenotyping expression of the glucocorticoid receptor after early childhood psychological trauma and the influences of the LHPA axis activity across the lifespan support our results.13, 18 Moreover, we had predicted that a relationship to SOC and resilience might be found if circumcision were a trauma- and stress-related issue like PTSD.22, 23, 24, 25 Our data however suggest that this is not the case. The gene discussed is NR3C1; the disease is post-traumatic stress disorder.