In the tolerogenic milieu of the liver (188), the functional state of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and in particular the balance between Treg and CTL (as assessed by Foxp3 and granzyme B immunohistochemical staining of tumor specimens) significantly impact the prognosis of HCC cancer patients in terms of 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival (189). The gene discussed is FOXP3; the disease is neoplasm.