Although in ART naïve patients HLA-B*57 (B*57:01 in Europe and US, B*57:03 in black Africans) confers protective effect against HIV-1 disease progression to AIDS (Costello et al., 1999; Migueles et al., 2000; López-Larrea et al., 2005; Frater et al., 2007), it may exert contradictory effect on treatment outcome when the disease course is altered by ARV therapy (Dold et al., 2015). Here, HLA-B is linked to AIDS.