Whereas the positive expression rate for Daam-1 was lower than that for Dvl-2 in control specimens without pulmonary arterial abnormalities and in APAH specimens, the positive expression rate for Daam-1 was higher than that for Dvl-2 in IPAH specimens (Fig. 4). This evidence concerns the gene DAAM1 and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.