An increased secretion of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1, also known as chemokine ligand 2, CCL-2) from peritoneal macrophages of women with endometriosis may contribute to paracrine and autocrine activation, leading to macrophage accumulation in the peritoneal cavity of patients with endometriosis [48]. The gene discussed is CCL2; the disease is endometriosis.