In contrast, epidermal growth factor (EGF), monocyte chemotactic peptide 1, interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 and RANTES (regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted) mRNA expression are unchanged, suggesting that TGF-β and MIP-1α play important roles in the development of PUJO [88, 96]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney.