Furthermore, an antibiotic fluoroquinolone was reported to induce the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer through ERK-dependent mitochondrial pathways, including the proteolytic activation of caspase-9, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and the up-regulated expression of pro-apoptotic Bax and Bak [68]. Here, CASP9 is linked to familial pancreatic carcinoma.