TB incidence after ART initiation in all these settings was frequently cited as highest within the first few months of treatment and associated with suboptimal ART adherence, age, male gender, low weight (less than 60 kilograms), anemia, degree of baseline immunodeficiency (CD4<50/μL), and/or sub-optimal immune reconstitution while on ART [18–22]. Here, CD4 is linked to tuberculosis.