JAG1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Studies indicate that notch signaling pathway takes part in regulation of stemness properties and functions including self-renewal, differentiation, chemosensitivity, invasion and migration in CSCs [28] derived from hepatocellular carcinoma [32], colorectal carcinoma [33], pancreatic cancer [34], esophageal adenocarcinoma [35], glioblastoma [36], etc. It is reported that notch1, notch3 and jagged1 are highly expressed in RCC and blockage of notch signaling can suppress its growth [37, 38].