While women with type 2 diabetes had fewer CD133+KDR- CACs at 2nd and 3rd trimester and higher CD133+KDR+ CACs at 1st trimester compared to control women, the CD133+KDR+/ CD133+ ratio demonstrated that diabetes elevates the frequency of CD133+KDR+ CACs in all stages of pregnancy in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. This evidence concerns the gene PROM1 and diabetes mellitus.