Furthermore, ER stress promotes the activation of transcription factors Janus kinase (JNK), Nuclear Factor κB (NFκB), ChREBP, SREBP, and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), which are involved in inflammatory processes and cell death and play an important role in the progression of NAFLD [33]. This evidence concerns the gene DDIT3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.