INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Interestingly, Liu et al. 26 identified serum miR-126 as a biomarker for pre-diabetes and T2DM and found that six months of treatment (diet control and exercise in subjects with prediabetes or insulin plus diet control and exercise in T2DM patients) significantly increased miR-126 levels, indicating that therapeutic treatments have a significant effect on circulating miRNA levels.