To identify the clinical features of LE associated with anti-NAE antibodies, we compared the features of this form of LE with those of other representative autoimmune forms of LE or encephalitis from the literature, such as LE associated with antibodies to the LGI1, AMPAR, or GABABR, and encephalitis associated with anti-NMDAR antibodies (Table 3).[4,5,7,8] The principal difference between LE associated with anti-NAE antibodies and these other forms of LE or encephalitis is whether the disease is tumor related. Here, LGI1 is linked to encephalitis.