The variability of PAI-1 antigen levels between populations of subjects with the Metabolic Syndrome may be related to differences in (1) selection criteria for the Metabolic Syndrome, (2) the prevalence of components of the Metabolic Syndrome in the population, (3) the sample size, and (4) the lack of analysis for the effect of pharmacologic therapy in patients with dyslipidemia, hypertension, and T2DM. The gene discussed is SERPINE1; the disease is metabolic syndrome.