The increase in IKKβ protein levels observed in cells infected with the miR-US5-1/miR-UL112-3p double mutant (compare “Neg” lanes) can be reduced by preexpression of miR-US5-1 and miR-UL112-3p or siRNAs targeting IKKα and IKKβ (Fig. 4B), suggesting that miR-US5-1 and miR-UL112-3p target IKKα and IKKβ during infection. The gene discussed is CHUK; the disease is infection.