IKBKB and infection: Infection of NHDF with the miRNA mutant virus expressing the IKKα and IKKβ shRNAs results in IKKα and IKKβ protein levels similar to those observed in cells infected with the WT virus and not the parent miRNA mutant virus by 72 h postinfection (hpi), while IE86 levels remained similar for all viruses (Fig. 7B).