TNF and colitis: Overall, also considering that it has been demonstrated that GILZ transgenic mice (overexpressing GILZ) are less susceptible to DNBS-induced colitis as compared to wild-type animals [35], in the present investigation, we studied the effects of TNBS-induced colitis in adult CORT-nursed rats, focusing on the following different factors involved in inflammation: (i) GR, (ii) GILZ, (iii) phospho-p65NF-κB, (iv) the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α, (v) the prokineticins PK2 and PK2L and (vi) their receptors PKR1 and PKR2.