For example, detection of flagellin results in the rapid induction of caspase-1 dependent pyroptotic cell death, which prevents L. pneumophila replication and infection in mice (Molofsky et al., 2006; Ren et al., 2006; Zamboni et al., 2006; Miao et al., 2010; Zhao et al., 2011). This evidence concerns the gene CASP1 and infection.