There was no significant change in tumour vasculature as measured by CD31 immunohistochemistry (97.2 ± 12.2 in the control compared to 133.2 ± 18.0 vessels/mm2 in the treated tumours, p = 0.13) or in tumour proliferation as measured by Ki-67 staining (28.9 ± 4.0% positive in the control compared to 21.7 ± 3.9% positive in the treated, p = 0.22). This evidence concerns the gene PECAM1 and neoplasm.