PTGS2 and Barrett esophagus: In another study, GS has been shown to suppress bile acid induced caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, which are critical in the development of Barrett’s Esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma and this effect is due to inhibition of NF-kB activity [48].