IAPP and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The most well-known disease is type II diabetes, an age-related disease in which the glucose homeostasis is disturbed due to pancreatic islet β-cell dysfunction and death caused by aggregation of the islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP; Abedini and Schmidt, 2013; Westermark and Westermark, 2013; Knowles et al., 2014).