Specifically, even though both SUMO1 and SUMO2/3 positivity significantly increased in HSIL as compared to normal adjacent tissues, we observed that SUMO1 expression was increased during progression from LSIL (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, or CIN1) to HSIL (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion or CIN2/3) (Fig 3A), while SUMO2/3 positivity was only affected during the transition between normal and LSIL cervical tissues (Fig 3B). The gene discussed is SUMO1; the disease is squamous cell intraepithelial neoplasia.