GSTM1 and anemia (phenotype): Twenty-nine anesthetized rats underwent 40% isovolemic hemodilution (1:1) (or sham-hemodilution control, n = 4) with either hydroxyethyl starch (HES) (n = 14, normotensive anemia) or saline (n = 11, hypotensive anemia) to reach a target Hb value near 70 g/L.