It is generally believed that, under oxidative stress, cells activate cytoprotective mechanisms by enhancing the expression or function of UCPs, such as UCP4 and UCP5, which are the dominant isoforms of UCP expressed in brain, to increase survival [22], and thus UCP4 and UCP5 may have important roles in protecting neurons from oxidative stress damage in AD. The gene discussed is UCP1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.