Recent research indicates that the apoptosis of B-CLL cells induced by CpG ODNs can be reversed by IL-15- or IL-2-induced Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK) 1/2 and AKT phosphorylation as well as Bcl-2 upregulation [71]. Here, AKT1 is linked to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.