Combination of antibody therapy with chemotherapy, specifically cyclophosphamide, was shown to overcome resistance by inducing a leukemic cell cytokine secretory response that promoted macrophage infiltration and activation.35 This study suggests that the anti-leukemic activity of anti-CD47 mAbs may benefit from combination with chemotherapeutic agents that enhance the activity of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. This evidence concerns the gene CD47 and neoplasm.