PDCD1 and neoplasm: The 3LL cells used in our murine model expresses PD-L1 (Supplementary Fig. 8), and radiation-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ have the potential to further upregulate PD-L1 expression in the tumor microenvironment, which could contribute to immune evasion by inhibiting PD-1-expressing effector T cells.