In a very recent paper, a mid-term (4-month) treatment with sitagliptin was associated with a significant increase in EPCs -phenotypically characterised as CD34+/CXCR-4+ cells- in 30 patients with type 2 diabetes in poor glucose control with metformin and/or sulphonylurea [11]. This evidence concerns the gene CD34 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.