Based on these previous reports from us and other groups, we hypothesize that MRTF-A is a key regulator in the neuronal apoptosis during ischemia/reperfusion, and HDAC5 and p300 may achieve their effects on ischemia/reperfusion by a novel molecular mechanism via regulating the activity/expression of MRTF-A. This evidence concerns the gene HDAC5 and ischemia.