More recently, PDC has been identified as a target for regulating glucose oxidation in cancer cells leading to the Warburg effect (aerobic glycolysis)26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, where the pyruvate is converted to lactate, partially because of up-regulation of gene expression of PDK131, 35, 36, PDK237, and PDK315, 38, 39. Here, PDC is linked to cancer.